Fuel injection nozzle



Dec. 7, 1943." B. G. PARSONS 2,336,032

Filed Feb. 26. 1942 will N VENTOR.

ATTORNEY menace. 1, 1 943- srAr as PA'raN-r oFlca rum. nmccnon HomeBenGJarsons, Detroiamcla, assignortolimeri r sfl can Bosch Corporation,8 ..corporation of New York Application rem, zc ,1s4z', Serial N..- i mf sculma-lctsosoan This invention relatesto fuel injection nozzles" ofthe fixed-pintle, or permanently-open, airless tyne intended to bemounted in the cylinders of f' internal combustion engines' or in theirintake manifolds for spraying thereintov during the proper period of the'enginecycle the liquid fuel charges delivered under pressure byassociated fueliniection pumps. 1 a

The primary object of the invention is to provide simple, inexpensive,compact, economical and durable nozzles of this kind. which arecapableof being readily converted to precisely predeter mined adjustments toproduce at will at compares tively low injection pressure diiferentformsor atomized sprays of fuel. as required for different enginesand for.different engine performance.

Other objects and advantages will be obvious of considerable area incrosssection, between the end wall and the bore of the nozzle body. The

central longitudinal bore It extends from the top of the pintle to theplace of juncture of the cross bore at It, so as to furnishcommunication for the fuelto the groove II from the pipe fastened at thetop of the pintle.

The embodiment of'l ig. 3 is the same as the foregoing, except that thegasket I! is thinner,

"giving a reduced length to the annular space at II, and the V-sectionof the groove is has a lesser included angle equal in this case to aboutThe embodiment of Fig. iis the same except thatthe gasket 20 is thickerthan the gaskets from' the following disclosure of several embodimentsofnozzles within my insrention, taken in' 2 and a threaded end 3 forfastening the bodyin a threaded hole at theproper placein an enginecylinder or intake manifold. The cylindrical bore 7 ofthebodyisthreadednearitstopatlandia smooth throughout its unthreaded portion 5. The

pintle 0, also of nickelsteel alloy, isscrew-threa'ded at I for a nutfitting forsecuiing inv place a Pipe from the gasoline injection pump(not shown), and also is screw-threaded to fasten it in the body at 4byscrewing. using the wrench grip at I. the pintle into thepredeterminedlongitudinal position in thebore or the body asshown.

Y ccrdingly tends to improve the econom and enlthe cylindrical shank ofthe pintle having a slight clearance with the smooth portion ofthe boreof the nomlebody. Between the adjacent shoulders of the two wrench grips2 and 8, is a soft copper washer I of the desired thicknessas-hereinafter described. Near the lower end of the pintle ir acircumferential groove ii, of v-shape in crosssection equal to anincluded angle of about into which cpenthe transverse cross bores l2.Below the cross bores is an end wall It or reduced diameter relativelyto shank it of the pintle. s

of the foregoing embodiments, giving a greater length to the annularspace at 2!, and the V-section of the groove 22 is most obtuse or allequal for the thickness of-the gasket between ,the pintle in this caseto an included angle of about It will be observed in these threeembodiments. that the pintle i0 is not spring-pressed in the nozzle bodyI. but is fixed therein and is permanently open to the engine. cylinderor intake manifold when installed. flhe pressure on the gasoline is,therefore, that merely required t provide the appropriate spray fromthenozzle and I may accordingly be less than it also required tolift'the pintle against a spring. Also it will be observed that sinceall parts of the nozzle are operatively stationary, or fixed to eachotherupon assembly, there is no appreciable wear and therefore there isa greater effectiveness and 'predetermined accuracy throughout a longerperiod of service. Also it will'be obvious that close nts andtolerances'are not required except as to the included angle 01 thecircumferential v-groove and and nozzle body-which also can. bepreselected.

ore, it will be obvious in all embodiments that the large area andlength of the substantial fit between the pintle and nozzle body, ascompared with the opening from the V-groove to the engine, tends toreduce the leakage and ac-' ciency of inJecti'on. The simplicity,inexpensivenoss'and compactness of the nozzle results naturally from theelimination of all but the irreducible number of simple parts for thepurpose. I all fixed when in assembled position.

As a result of predetermined variations or they space at the endwallthereof, the gasoline may be 7 sprayed into the engine at any angledesired in. u to m m umelearanee space at II. II the form of a thinsheet, somewhat cone shaped atomization at low li'ne pressure. For asmall bore engine cylinder with a long piston stroke, a small includedangle as shown in Fig. 3 is preferable,

' while for a larger bore and shorter stroke, a larger included angle ispreferred as in Figs. 1 or 4. Thus by selecting the pintel withpredetermined included angle'in its V-groove as H, IE or 22 inaccordance with the bore and stroke of the engine, and by selecting awasher of proper thickness as 9, I! or 20 to predetermlne the positionofthe end wall of the pintle relatively to the lower edge of the nozzlebody, the angle of the spray cone, its degree of atomization and itsthickness may be accurately predetermined. These and otherpredeterminedcharacteristics of the spray aremaintained throughout long periods ofservice as a result of the elimination of wear of parts and the absenceof springseats, leak-off connections and small injection holes.Furthermore, with the body I fastened in place in the engine, differentwashers and pintles with different forms of V- grooves maybe readilytried out'in predetermining the characteristics of the nozzle for thebest engine performance in each case.

It will be obvious that many modifications may be made within the scope,of the invention. For

instance, pintles having peripheral grooves of other form or V-grooveswith still other included angles may be used, with terminal portionswhich may have difierent diameters and; axiallength, and differentlocations with respectto the end of the nozzle body; also still otherthicknesses of 'washersbetween the pintle and body maybe used, andlikewise other forms of longitudinal bores and other forms of transversebores whether single or crossingt Also ball or other v I V 2,836,082 andof desired thickness, thereby giving good and a single longitudinal fuelbore communicating with said'transverse bore.

2. In a fuel injection nozzle of the permanently-open, airless type forassociation with a fuel injection pump and an internal combustionengine; a nozzle body adapted to be fastened in the engine and having asingle longitudinal bore;

a pintle which is fastened to the nozzle body in predetermined positionin said bore and has an upper portion closely fitting therein, andwhichsaid transverse bore.

3. In a fuel injection nozzle of the permanently-open, airless type forassociation withia fuel injection pump and an internal combustionengine; a nozzle body adapted to be fastened in v the engine and havinga single longitudinal bore;

a pintle which is fastened to thenozzle body in predetermined positionin said-b'ore and has an upp r portion closely fitting therein, andwhich has a terminal portion'oi sma'ller outer diameter than thediameter of the end portion of said bore so as to form at all'ti'mes'with the end portion of the nozzle body an annular space ofpredeterforms of check valves may be incorporated in the 1 nozzles or inthe pump associated therewith tocheck the back flow of the fuel orotherwise.

These and other modifications are intended to be covered within thebroad interpretation of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is: p

1. In a fuel injection nozzle of the permanently-open, airless type forassociation with a fuel injection pump and an internal combustionengine; a nozzle body adapted to ,be fastened in the engine and having asingle longitudinal bore; a pintle which is fastened tov the nozzle bodyin predetermined position in said bore and has an upper portion closelyfitting therein, and which has a terminal portion of smaller outerdiameter than the diameter of the end portion of said bore so as to format all times with the end portion of the'nozzle body an annular space ofpredetermined length for the injectionof fuel. there-' through, aperipheral groove arranged above and adjacent said terminal portion andopening into said-annular space, at least one transverse fuel borecommunicating with said peripheral groove,

mined length for the injection of fuel therethrough, a peripheral vgroove of predetermined included angle arranged above and adjacent saidterminal portion and opening into said annular space, at least onetransverse fuel bore communieating with said peripheral groove, and asingle longitudinal fuel bore communicating with said transverse bore.

4. In a fuel 'injection nozzle of the permanently-open, airless type forassociation with a fuel injection pump and an internal combustionengine; a nozzle body adapted to be fastened in the engine and having asingle longitudinal bore;

' a pintle which is fastened to the nozzle body in predeterminedposition in said bore and ha an upper portionclosel fitting therein, andwhich has a'terminal-portion of smaller outer diameter than the diameterof the end portion of said bore so as to form atall times with theendportion of 1 the nozzle body an annular space of predeterminedlengthfor the injection of fuel therethrough, aperipheral V-groove with anincluded angle between 30 and arranged above and adjacent said terminalportion and opening into said annular space, at least one transversefuel bore communicating with said peripheral groove, and a singlelongitudinal fuel bore communicatin: with said transverse bore. 1 I

BEN-G. PARSONS.

